PSG has now secured the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.